推薦：論設(shè)計(jì)的布局與平衡
最近忽然心里比較沉重，不是來自生活的不順，也不是來自經(jīng)濟(jì)的拮據(jù)。是一連幾個(gè)案子，這樣或那樣，都沒有達(dá)到自己最理想的效果，自己在之前做了很多，想了很多

Tips to brand your website
宣傳網(wǎng)站的建議

· Include your logo in all pages. Position it at the top left or each page.

確保每張網(wǎng)頁的左上方出現(xiàn)logo。

· Complement your logo with a tagline or catchy sentence that summarizes your business purpose. For example "Always low prices" is the tagline for Wal-Mart.

logo旁邊出現(xiàn)標(biāo)語或者是介紹企業(yè)特點(diǎn)的語言，比如說，“天天平價(jià)”是沃爾瑪?shù)臉?biāo)語。

· Create a favicon. A favicon is that small graphic that appears next to the URL in the address bar.

創(chuàng)建favicon。Favicon就是出現(xiàn)在地址欄URL旁邊的圖形。

· Have a consistent look and feel in all your pages. Use a color scheme and layout that are clearly recognized across your site.

所有網(wǎng)頁外觀設(shè)計(jì)要一致。網(wǎng)站的顏色、布局要一致。

· Have an About Us section, that includes all relevant information about you and your business.

網(wǎng)站設(shè)置“聯(lián)系我們”板塊，包含所有關(guān)于你與公司的相關(guān)信息。

· Include a copyright statement at the bottom of each page.

網(wǎng)頁底部包含版權(quán)信息。

Tips on website navigation

網(wǎng)站導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)

· Design your pages to load in less than 10 seconds (50Kb maximum size, including pictures).

網(wǎng)頁下載時(shí)間控制在10秒之內(nèi)（50kb，包括圖片）。

· Group your navigational options in relevant categories.

相關(guān)的導(dǎo)航內(nèi)容放在一起。

· Use common names for your menu options: Home, About Us, Contact Us, Help, Products. Avoid "clever" or "trendy" alternatives.

菜單欄選項(xiàng)使用常用的名稱：主頁，關(guān)于我們，聯(lián)系我們，幫助，產(chǎn)品，避免出現(xiàn)時(shí)尚、流行的選項(xiàng)。

· If your site uses Flash, provide also an HTML version for users who prefer a less fancy, faster site.

假如網(wǎng)站利用Flash，確保出現(xiàn)HTML版本，有些用戶不喜歡眩目的網(wǎng)站。

· Provide simple text navigation links at the bottom of long pages, so users don't need to scroll back up.

網(wǎng)頁底部出現(xiàn)簡單的文本鏈接，這樣用戶就不必退回網(wǎng)頁頂部。

· Link your logo to your homepage, except in the homepage itself. Put a link to your homepage on all your internal pages.

logo與主頁進(jìn)行鏈接（除去主頁logo之外），另外所有二級(jí)頁面要與主頁進(jìn)行鏈接。

· Display a "breadcrumb trail"; it is basically the path from the homepage to the page where you are. A breadcrumb trail looks like this: Home > Section > Sub-Section > Page, and it greatly facilitates navigation.

展示網(wǎng)站瀏覽路線，就是指從主頁進(jìn)入各級(jí)頁面的路徑，比如說，主頁 > 主菜單>次級(jí)菜單 > 二級(jí)頁面。這樣用戶可以方便地操作網(wǎng)站。

· If your site is too big, provide Search capabilities. Include a search box in the upper right corner of your homepage, and a link to a Search page from your interior pages. Freefind ( ) offers you a free and powerful search engine for your site.

假如網(wǎng)站內(nèi)容太多，你可以提供站內(nèi)搜索。網(wǎng)站主頁的右上方可以設(shè)計(jì)搜索框，或者提供搜索頁面，以及內(nèi)部頁面與搜索頁面的鏈接。網(wǎng)站需要具備功能強(qiáng)大、免費(fèi)的搜索引擎。

· Set your search box to search your site, not to search the web.

搜索框用來搜索網(wǎng)站內(nèi)容，而不是所有網(wǎng)絡(luò)內(nèi)容。

· Create a custom error page that displays a simple site map with links to the main sections of your site. That way, you will not lose visitors that have followed a bad link to your site or who have misspelled your URL.

創(chuàng)建常用的錯(cuò)誤頁面，頁面中呈現(xiàn)站點(diǎn)地圖，以及與網(wǎng)站主要內(nèi)容的鏈接。這樣，網(wǎng)站就不會(huì)流失鏈接無效或者URL輸入錯(cuò)誤的訪問者。

Tips on Layout and Content Presentation
布局與內(nèi)容的設(shè)計(jì)技巧

· Save the top of your page for your most important content. Remember: good content must flow to the top.

網(wǎng)頁頂部的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該是最重要的內(nèi)容，請(qǐng)記住：好內(nèi)容必須放置在頂部。

· Lay out your page with tables, and set the width in percentage terms instead of a fixed number of pixels. That way, your page will always fit the screen, without the need to scroll horizontally.

網(wǎng)頁可以用表格布局，表格寬度用百分比設(shè)定，避免利用固定像素?cái)?shù)字。這樣網(wǎng)頁會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)與顯示屏相適應(yīng)，不會(huì)出現(xiàn)水平滾動(dòng)條。

· Optimize your page to be viewed best at 800x600 (the most popular resolution at the time of this writing).

優(yōu)化網(wǎng)頁，確保在800x600（最常用）分辨率狀態(tài)下，網(wǎng)頁呈現(xiàn)最佳狀態(tài)。

· Use high contrast for the body of your page: black text on white background, or white text on black background work best.

網(wǎng)頁文本內(nèi)容顏色對(duì)比要明顯：黑色文本搭配白色背景，或者白色文本搭配黑色背景。

· Don't use too many different fonts in one page. Also, avoid using small serif fonts (like Times Roman): they are difficult to read from a computer screen. Verdana is the most web-friendly font, since it is wide, clean and easy to read.

網(wǎng)頁避免出現(xiàn)太多字體，同時(shí)避免使用小字號(hào)的serif字體（例如Times Roman），這樣的字體出現(xiàn)在電腦顯示屏中，不便于閱讀。Verdana是一種最適合網(wǎng)站的字體，因?yàn)樗鼘挾却蟆⒄麧崱⒁子陂喿x。

· Avoid long blocks of text. Use tools that facilitate scanability, like bullets, subtitles, highlighted keywords, hyperlinks, etc.

避免出現(xiàn)大段文字。利用有助于用戶瀏覽網(wǎng)站的工具，比如，點(diǎn)式列表、副標(biāo)題、要害詞以及超鏈接等等。

· Avoid amateurish features like: numeric page counters, wholesale use of exclamation points, all caps, center justified blocks of text, excessive animated gifs, busy backgrounds, etc.

網(wǎng)站避免出現(xiàn)以下特征：數(shù)字計(jì)數(shù)器、大量感嘆詞、全部大寫字母、全部文本內(nèi)容居中、大量動(dòng)畫圖片、復(fù)雜的背景等等。

· Don't use pop-up windows. They distract your visitors and are immediately dismissed as ads.

避免使用彈出框。彈出框類似于廣告，會(huì)分散訪問者的注重力。

· Test your site so that it looks good in different browsers and resolutions.

在不同的瀏覽器以及分辨率狀態(tài)下，測(cè)試網(wǎng)站。

Tips on Writing for the Web
網(wǎng)站文本內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)方法

· Write in layman's terms so that everybody can understand your content, unless you're running a technical site for technical people.

避免出現(xiàn)專業(yè)術(shù)語，保證所有瀏覽著理解網(wǎng)站內(nèi)容，除非網(wǎng)站是為技術(shù)人員提供專業(yè)技術(shù)服務(wù)的網(wǎng)站。

· Reading from a screen is painful: use 50% less words than you would use on print.

閱讀電腦顯示器中的文字確實(shí)有一定難度，所以網(wǎng)站文字要少于印刷品文字的50%。

· If a page is too long, break it into several pages and link to them.

假如網(wǎng)頁太長，就需要把它拆成幾張網(wǎng)頁，并且與這些網(wǎng)頁進(jìn)行鏈接。

· Don't use font sizes smaller than 10pt. for the body of your page. Specify your fonts in percentage terms instead of pixels, to let users set their own size preferences using their browser's text view options.

網(wǎng)頁文本字號(hào)不小于10pt。利用百分比指定網(wǎng)站字體，而避免利用像素，這樣用戶可以根據(jù)自己的喜好，利用瀏覽器文本選項(xiàng)，確定字號(hào)。

· Use a spell checker. Spelling mistakes are embarrassing and hurt credibility.

利用拼寫檢查程序。網(wǎng)站避免出現(xiàn)尷尬的拼寫錯(cuò)誤，這樣會(huì)降低網(wǎng)站信譽(yù)度。

Tips to Know Your Customers
了解網(wǎng)站消費(fèi)者的方法

· Ask for feedback: include a feedback form in your Contact Us page.

征求反饋信息：“聯(lián)系我們”的網(wǎng)頁中出現(xiàn)反饋表格。

· Publish an ezine and include a subscription form in your homepage. Give your customers valuable information and encourage them to contact you.

出版電子雜志，網(wǎng)站主頁出現(xiàn)訂閱方式。為用戶提供有價(jià)值信息，鼓勵(lì)他們與你聯(lián)系。

· Include polls and other tools to gather market intelligence.

利用投票系統(tǒng)以及其它工具收集營銷資料。

Tips on Linking
鏈接方法

· Make your links descriptive. They should indicate what the user will be linking to, as opposed to just saying "click here".

鏈接應(yīng)該是描述性的，應(yīng)該說明用戶鏈接的地址，而不要僅僅出現(xiàn)“點(diǎn)擊這兒”。

· Don't underline anything that is not a link.

非鏈接內(nèi)容，不能出現(xiàn)下劃線。

· Underline your links and use a consistent color for them across your site (preferably blue).

網(wǎng)站鏈接內(nèi)容應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)下劃線，并且網(wǎng)站所有鏈接內(nèi)容的下劃線顏色應(yīng)該相同。

· Use a different color for visited links, so that your visitors know where they've been (preferably purple or a more subdued tone of the unvisited links color).

已訪問的鏈接顏色應(yīng)該不同，這樣訪問者可以了解已經(jīng)瀏覽過哪些內(nèi)容（未訪問的鏈接最好使用紫色或者其它比較柔和的顏色），

· When linking to a non-HTML file, such as Excel, Word or Acrobat, make it evident, by including a small icon next to the link.

當(dāng)與Excel、Word、Acrobat等非HTML文件鏈接時(shí)，可以在鏈接四周增加一個(gè)小圖標(biāo)，這樣更明顯。

· Don't link to "under construction" pages.

避免出現(xiàn)與“在建中”網(wǎng)頁的鏈接。

· Make sure that your links work and that you don't have broken links. There are free online tools that can help you with this.

確保鏈接的有效性，避免出現(xiàn)無效鏈接，這時(shí)你可以利用網(wǎng)上的免費(fèi)工具。

· If you use graphic links, don't forget to use the ALT attribute. The ALT attribute should describe what are you linking to.

運(yùn)用圖片鏈接時(shí)，使用ALT標(biāo)簽。ALT標(biāo)簽應(yīng)該說明你所鏈接的內(nèi)容。

Tips on how to use graphics
利用圖片的方法

· Optimize your graphics. Use only .gif and .jpg formats. Make your image files as small as possible while maintaining acceptable quality. Use a free online graphics optimization tool.

優(yōu)化圖片。圖片最好只利用.gif與.jpg格式，在保證圖片質(zhì)量前提下，盡量壓縮文本。你可以使用網(wǎng)上提供的免費(fèi)圖片優(yōu)化工具。

· Use thumbnails (miniature versions of a picture) and make them clickable to the actual size picture.

使用圖片的縮小版本，并且使用戶可以與它們的原版本鏈接。

· Avoid graphics that look like ads. People ignore them.

避免出現(xiàn)與廣告外形相似的圖片，網(wǎng)站訪問者會(huì)忽視這些圖片。

· Use the ALT attribute on pictures, even the image is not a link. It helps users with disabilities and people who have turned off graphics.

利用圖片的ALT屬性，即使圖片不可以鏈接。這樣有助于不喜歡圖片的用戶瀏覽網(wǎng)站。

Tips to optimize your site for the search engines:
網(wǎng)站的搜索引擎優(yōu)化

· Create short, descriptive page titles, to entice search engine users to click on your links.

創(chuàng)建簡短、描述性的網(wǎng)頁標(biāo)題，促使搜索引擎用戶點(diǎn)擊網(wǎng)站鏈接。

· Create a site map containing all your pages, and link to it directly from your homepage. Search engine robots will follow the link to your site map and will most likely add all your pages to the index.

創(chuàng)建包含所有網(wǎng)頁的站點(diǎn)地圖，并且與主頁直接進(jìn)行鏈接。搜索引擎機(jī)器人會(huì)根據(jù)鏈接瀏覽站點(diǎn)地圖，把所有網(wǎng)頁添加到索引中。

· Decide what the two or three main keywords are for each page (the words you believe search engine users will type to find your page) and repeat them often in your page title, description meta tag and page body.

確定每張網(wǎng)頁的2-3個(gè)要害詞（你認(rèn)為用戶會(huì)鍵入搜索引擎，尋找網(wǎng)頁的詞語），并且確保要害詞經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在網(wǎng)頁標(biāo)題、敘述meta標(biāo)簽以及網(wǎng)頁文字內(nèi)容中。

· Create a Links page and call it Resources. In it, place links to those sites that have agreed to place a reciprocal link to your page. The more inbound links you have from quality sites with a topic related to your site, the better your site will rank with the search engines.

創(chuàng)建鏈接頁面。在鏈接頁面中，與同意與本網(wǎng)站鏈接的其它網(wǎng)站進(jìn)行鏈接。假如信譽(yù)度高的網(wǎng)站與本網(wǎng)站鏈接內(nèi)容越多，那么本網(wǎng)站在搜索引擎中的排名就會(huì)越高

· Use more text than graphics, and minimize the use of Flash and JavaScript. Search engines heavily favor text and will crawl and index your site faster.

網(wǎng)站多使用文字內(nèi)容，盡量減少使用圖片、Flash、JavaScript。搜索引擎更喜歡文字內(nèi)容，可以更快對(duì)網(wǎng)站做索引。

分享：人機(jī)交互界面設(shè)計(jì)的三個(gè)工作流程
在人和機(jī)器的互動(dòng)過程（HumanMachineInteraction）中，有一個(gè)層面，即我們所說的界面（interface）。從心理學(xué)意義來分，界面可分為感覺（視覺、觸覺、聽覺等